Network Security Fundamentals for Security Operations Analysts

A Security Operations Analyst must have a thorough understanding of network security fundamentals to detect and prevent intrusions. This includes knowledge of network protocols, IP addressing, routing, and switching, as well as an understanding of how firewalls, intrusion detection systems (IDS), and intrusion prevention systems (IPS) work. Analysts should be able to recognize abnormal network traffic and pinpoint potential attack vectors such as port scanning, denial-of-service attempts, and lateral movement. They must also be skilled in implementing network segmentation and monitoring tools to reduce attack surfaces. Understanding encryption, VPNs, and secure access protocols further enhances network defense strategies. By combining technical expertise with practical application, analysts ensure that their organization’s networks remain resilient against both external and internal threats, making network security knowledge indispensable for any modern SOC environment.